American English Literature

18th Century American Literature

In the first place, the strain of colonizing was over in 18th century. The colonies had reached a provincial status and colonies started diplomatic relations. The Postal system was appeared. Travel and communication had been improved. Journalism was established and America’s first newspaper “the Boston news” was issued in 1704. By the end of 18th century social conditions also went transformation. The writer began to write about the subject matters with their own personal thoughts. People were also taking interest in cultural and military on literary affairs. In the field of education public schools charter schools, private academies, and home institutions were established. Hence the static literature was introduced which was free from shackles of theology religion and utilitarian motives.

In the 3rd place, the economy was brightening up as the colonial families were not prosperous. They raised their own food and clothing etc. Fisheries whaling and ship building were the major industries. Agriculture was developed. The change is the social system occurred in the 18th century. The feudal system was common in previous centuries. Now, the feudal system was over and new classes like the gentleman statesman soldiers were created. This revolution was done under the spreading revolutionary changes or waves which brought various qualities to every human being. These qualities were personal owner, chivalric respect for women-hood and fondness for great entertainment. Earlier the religious system was very strict but now due to the growing economy and lust for wealth religious system became tolerated. Moreover material comforts of the day made the thoughts of the people turned to politics and business. Hence liberal tendencies gained power.

Literary Trends in 18th Century American Literature

It is important to know about the American attitude towards literature. People were open to receive literary impulses from abroad. For example, the 18th century literature of Europe had its impact on the 18th century American Literature such as the writings of Jonathan Swift and Daniel Defoe. American writers like Benjamin Franklin, Byrd and Jone showed their interest to English prose writers. The result of this influence was the rise of the periodical essays like “Tell Tale” series which was written by a group of students in Harvard. In Europe, the poetry of Dryden in Pope was very famous and had its influence on the American poetry. The formless poetry of the 17th century America gained the discipline of the couplet that Dryden and Pope popularized. The verse or poetry was developed under their influence. All the neo-classical trends of European literature was faithfully copied. American literature became free from religion, now it had become secular.